Using data covering most of the global economy over 1993–2021, this study reports ten stylized facts about labour reallocation amid structural transformation. As incomes grow, labour exits primary production while downstream agrifood value chain segments maintain a steady economy-wide employment share—offering jobs that pay better than farm work. 

This report presents an investigation into the discrimination and poor working conditions endured by many Ivorian and Senegalese crew members working on board European-owned tuna purse seine vessels operating in the Indian Ocean.

As labor shortages are a growing challenge in the U.S., this study explores Californian farmers’ response to labour shortages. It finds increasing wages is the most common adaptation strategy, followed by cultivation practices, adoption of labour saving technology, and the use of farm labor contractors.