Detailed academic papers of interest on milk production include the following:

• Lovett D.K., Shalloo L., Dillon P., O'Mara F.P. (2006) A systems approach to quantify greenhouse gas fluxes from pastoral dairy production as affected by management regime, Agricultural Systems, 88
• Helena Elmquist, Environmental Systems Analysis of Arable, Meat and Milk Production, Doctoral Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, 2005, ISSN 1652-6880, ISBN 91-576-7011-0
• Organic vs conventional: I.J.M de Boer. Environmental impact assessment of conventional and organic milk production, Livestock Production Science 80 (2003) 69-77