This review article examines the impact of gender in the forestry, livestock, fisheries and aquaculture sectors and provides empirical evidence for initiatives which have sought to redress the negative and inequitable disparities. The paper provides an overview of the major issues of women in these sectors and provides useful examples of successful programs in low- and middle-income countries. Women play a significant role in these sectors, but their work is often invisible, unregulated and vulnerable. The article calls for further efforts to eliminate gender-blind and biased policy and governance and expand and share successful initiatives.

This book argues livestock systems need to be rapidly rethought to tackle the climate crisis and examines how this tension is governed (or lack thereof) in international arenas. It showcases where productive synergies and damaging tensions have emerged across livestock governance, and where there is scope to achieve fairer and more effective emissions mitigation. 

This report by Rothamsted Research provides evidence on the impact of grazing management on a range of outcomes as well as on the importance of field scale, long-term research. It seeks to provide more rigorous assessment of livestock grazing practices which are usually reported as having positive economic and environmental outcomes but which often rely on anecdotal reports. It provides detailed data comparisons of the two systems related to system productivity, soil structure and health, environmental impacts, pasture growth and use and animal behaviour and performance, which may be valuable to growers and researchers exploring the impact of different livestock grazing management systems.

This study explores how the impacts of pig farming co-vary in different pig production systems across Brazil and the UK. It argues that the externalities (consequences that affect external parties) of pig production have historically been examined in isolation, and trade-offs have never been robustly investigated. Based on 91 widely varying farms, the authors find that no particular farming type, from organic to indoor intensive, free range to woodland - performed well across all the main impact categories examined; greenhouse gas emissions, land-use, antimicrobial use and animal welfare. However, it finds that individual farms performed well across the categories. Therefore the study concludes that efforts to minimise trade-offs should focus on lowering impacts within system types rather than only changing between them.

This report from the Farm Animal Investment Risk & Return (FAIRR) initiative links financial and environmental risks associated with livestock production using the planetary boundaries framework as a benchmark. It serves as a detailed reference for investors and highlights the poor performance of the industry in addressing these issues so far. It provides a comparison of nature based and engineered key solutions to aid investors’ evaluation of their potential feasibility. 

Recent investigation by Greenpeace and journalism by the guardian reveals how a declaration published in a scientific journal and signed by over 1,000 scientists in support of meat production has numerous links to the livestock industry. The document, which has been criticised by numerous scientists, has been used to target EU officials and may have contributed to delays and backtracking in meat reduction legislation.