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Eutrophication

Eutrophication refers to the buildup of nutrients in a body of water (e.g. nitrogen and phosphorus) to a level in excess of what would occur naturally and to which aquatic ecosystems are adapted. This can result in detrimental impacts on many aquatic plants and animals, as well as the rapid overgrowth of some plants and algae.

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Image: tunaolger, Field maps map satellite, Pixabay, Pixabay Licence
Journal articles
Mapping the environmental footprint of global food production
This paper maps the location and cumulative magnitude of the environmental pressures (greenhouse gas emissions, freshwater use, habitat disturbance and nutrient pollution) caused by both aquatic and land-based food production across the globe.
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our world in data
News and resources
Environmental impacts of dairy and plant-based milks
This post from Our World in Data sets out the environmental impacts (land use, greenhouse gas emissions, freshwater use and eutrophication) of dairy milk and several alternatives (oat, soy, almond and rice milk). It concludes that dairy milk has higher environmental impacts than all of the alternatives across all categories considered, and that there is no clear winner between the dairy alternatives.
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